{"id":4784,"date":"2024-06-12T01:53:35","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T01:53:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3dpmetal.com\/?p=4784"},"modified":"2024-06-12T01:53:38","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T01:53:38","slug":"nickel-alloys-metal-powder-202406121","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3dpmetal.com\/cs\/nickel-alloys-metal-powder-202406121\/","title":{"rendered":"Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu<\/a> m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt jako fr\u00e1ze, ale je to fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u00e9ma s mnoha aplikacemi a vlastnostmi. Pokud v\u00e1s tento v\u0161estrann\u00fd materi\u00e1l zaj\u00edm\u00e1, jste na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Pono\u0159\u00edme se do sv\u011bta kovov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161ku ze slitin niklu a prozkoum\u00e1me jeho r\u016fzn\u00e9 modely, slo\u017een\u00ed a pou\u017eit\u00ed. P\u0159ipoutejte se tedy a p\u0159ipravte se na pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu z\u00e1bavnou a poutavou formou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ehled kovov\u00fdch pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f ze slitin niklu<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu je jemn\u011b rozd\u011blen\u00e1 forma slitin na b\u00e1zi niklu. Tyto pr\u00e1\u0161ky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch d\u00edky sv\u00fdm jedine\u010dn\u00fdm vlastnostem, jako je odolnost v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, odolnost v\u016f\u010di korozi a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti. Co to ale p\u0159esn\u011b jsou slitiny niklu? Jsou to materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 kombinuj\u00ed nikl s dal\u0161\u00edmi prvky, jako je chrom, \u017eelezo, molybden a m\u011b\u010f, aby se zlep\u0161ily jejich v\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed charakteristiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1\u0161ky ze slitin niklu se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdmi procesy, jako je atomizace, redukce a elektrol\u00fdza, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich d\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1\u0161ku odli\u0161n\u00e9 vlastnosti vhodn\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Kovov\u00fd<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Typy kovov\u00fdch pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f ze slitin niklu<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Existuje mnoho typ\u016f pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch slitin niklu, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd je ur\u010den pro specifick\u00e9 aplikace. Zde je tabulka shrnuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f, jejich slo\u017een\u00ed a kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typ slitiny niklu<\/strong><\/th>Kompozice<\/strong><\/th>Vlastnosti<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Inconel 625<\/td>Ni (58%), Cr (20-23%), Mo (8-10%), Nb (3-4%).<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 pevnost, odolnost proti korozi, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed sva\u0159itelnost<\/td><\/tr>
Inconel 718<\/td>Ni (50-55%), Cr (17-21%), Fe (rovnov\u00e1ha), Nb (5%).<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 mez kluzu, odolnost proti te\u010den\u00ed, dobr\u00e1 \u00fanavov\u00e1 odolnost<\/td><\/tr>
Hastelloy C276<\/td>Ni (57%), Mo (15-17%), Cr (14,5-16,5%).<\/td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, dobr\u00e1 stabilita p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch<\/td><\/tr>
Monel 400<\/td>Ni (63%), Cu (28-34%), Fe (2,5%), Mn (2%).<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 pevnost, odolnost proti korozi v mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vod\u011b a kyselin\u00e1m<\/td><\/tr>
NiCr 80\/20<\/td>Ni (80%), Cr (20%)<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 odolnost proti oxidaci, dobr\u00e1 ta\u017enost<\/td><\/tr>
Invar 36<\/td>Ni (36%), Fe (64%)<\/td>N\u00edzk\u00fd sou\u010dinitel tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti<\/td><\/tr>
Waspaloy<\/td>Ni (58-61%), Cr (18-21%), Co (12-15%).<\/td>Pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, odolnost proti oxidaci<\/td><\/tr>
Ren\u00e9 41<\/td>Ni (rovnov\u00e1ha), Cr (19%), Co (11%), Mo (10%)<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 pevnost v tahu, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti oxidaci<\/td><\/tr>
Slitina X-750<\/td>Ni (70%), Cr (15-17%), Fe (5-9%).<\/td>Vysok\u00e1 pevnost v tahu, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti oxidaci<\/td><\/tr>
Haynes 230<\/td>Ni (rovnov\u00e1ha), Cr (22%), W (14%), Mo (2%)<\/td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti oxidaci, dobr\u00e1 pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Aplikace Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed. Zde je komplexn\u00ed p\u0159ehled n\u011bkter\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u016fmysl<\/strong><\/th>APLIKACE<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Letectv\u00ed a kosmonautika<\/td>Lopatky turb\u00edn, sou\u010d\u00e1sti motor\u016f, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla<\/td><\/tr>
Automotivn\u00ed<\/td>V\u00fdfukov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, turbodmychadla, vst\u0159ikova\u010de paliva<\/td><\/tr>
Chemick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>Ventily, \u010derpadla, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla, reaktorov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby<\/td><\/tr>
N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchota<\/td>Vrtulov\u00e9 h\u0159\u00eddele, \u010derpadla, ventily pro mo\u0159skou vodu<\/td><\/tr>
Ropn\u00fd a plynov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl<\/td>Vrtn\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed, ventily, potrub\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
V\u00fdroba energie<\/td>Plynov\u00e9 turb\u00edny, jadern\u00e9 reaktory, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla<\/td><\/tr>
Medical<\/td>Chirurgick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty, protetika<\/td><\/tr>
Elektronika<\/td>Sou\u010d\u00e1sti baterie, konektory, senzory<\/td><\/tr>
aditivn\u00ed v\u00fdroba<\/td>3D tisk slo\u017eit\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f a prototyp\u016f<\/td><\/tr>
Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/td>Lo\u017eiska, spojovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l, pru\u017einy<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"Kovov\u00fd<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Pr\u00e1\u0161ek<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Atomizace<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Kovov\u00e9<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Ahoj\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Dodavatel\u00e9<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Specifikace, velikosti, t\u0159\u00eddy a normy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch niklov\u00fdch slitin je nezbytn\u00e9 zn\u00e1t jejich specifikace, velikosti, t\u0159\u00eddy a normy. T\u00edm zajist\u00edte, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1te spr\u00e1vn\u00fd materi\u00e1l pro svou aplikaci. Zde je tabulka s podrobn\u00fdmi \u00fadaji o t\u011bchto aspektech pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 slitiny niklu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typ slitiny niklu<\/strong><\/th>Specifikace<\/strong><\/th>Velikosti<\/strong><\/th>T\u0159\u00eddy<\/strong><\/th>Normy<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Inconel 625<\/td>ASTM B443, AMS 5666<\/td>-100 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Inconel 625 UNS N06625<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Inconel 718<\/td>ASTM B637, AMS 5662<\/td>-140 a\u017e -400 ok<\/td>Inconel 718 UNS N07718<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Hastelloy C276<\/td>ASTM B575, ASME SB-575<\/td>-200 a\u017e -400 ok<\/td>Hastelloy C276 UNS N10276<\/td>ASTM, ASME<\/td><\/tr>
Monel 400<\/td>ASTM B127, ASME SB-127<\/td>-100 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Monel 400 UNS N04400<\/td>ASTM, ASME<\/td><\/tr>
NiCr 80\/20<\/td>ASTM B344, AMS 5596<\/td>-200 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>NiCr 80\/20 UNS N06003<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Invar 36<\/td>ASTM F1684, AMS I-230<\/td>-140 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Invar 36 UNS K93600<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Waspaloy<\/td>ASTM B637, AMS 5708<\/td>-200 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Waspaloy UNS N07001<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Ren\u00e9 41<\/td>ASTM B166, AMS 5545<\/td>-140 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Ren\u00e9 41 UNS N07041<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Slitina X-750<\/td>ASTM B637, AMS 5667<\/td>-200 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Slitina X-750 UNS N07750<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr>
Haynes 230<\/td>ASTM B435, AMS 5878<\/td>-140 a\u017e -325 ok<\/td>Haynes 230 UNS N06230<\/td>ASTM, AMS<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dodavatel\u00e9 a podrobnosti o cen\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pochopen\u00ed toho, odkud odeb\u00edrat pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 slitiny niklu a jejich ceny, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovlivnit n\u00e1klady na projekt. Zde je tabulka s informacemi o dodavatel\u00edch a podrobnostmi o cen\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dodavatel<\/strong><\/th>Dostupn\u00e9 typy niklov\u00fdch slitin<\/strong><\/th>Ceny (za kg)<\/strong><\/th>Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/th>Kontakt<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
H.C. Starck<\/td>Inconel 625, Inconel 718, Monel 400<\/td>$60 – $150<\/td>USA, N\u011bmecko<\/td>www.hcstarck.com<\/td><\/tr>
Praxair Surface Technologies<\/td>Inconel 718, Hastelloy C276, slitina X-750<\/td>$70 – $160<\/td>USA, Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.praxairsurfacetech.com<\/td><\/tr>
Oerlikon Metco<\/td>Waspaloy, Ren\u00e9 41, Haynes 230<\/td>$65 – $155<\/td>USA, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko<\/td>www.oerlikon.com\/metco<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00f6gan\u00e4s<\/td>NiCr 80\/20, Invar 36, Monel 400<\/td>$55 – $140<\/td>\u0160v\u00e9dsko, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.hoganas.com<\/td><\/tr>
Tesa\u0159sk\u00e1 technologie<\/td>Inconel 625, Hastelloy C276, Waspaloy<\/td>$75 – $170<\/td>USA, Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.carpentertechnology.com<\/td><\/tr>
Technologie materi\u00e1l\u016f Sandvik<\/td>Inconel 625, slitina X-750, Haynes 230<\/td>$80 – $175<\/td>\u0160v\u00e9dsko, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.materials.sandvik<\/td><\/tr>
Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 n\u00e1nosy a povlaky<\/td>Inconel 718, NiCr 80\/20, Monel 400<\/td>$65 – $160<\/td>Kanada, Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.advancedpowders.com<\/td><\/tr>
Kennametal Stellite<\/td>Inconel 625, Hastelloy C276, slitina X-750<\/td>$70 – $165<\/td>USA, Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.stellite.com<\/td><\/tr>
Metco (divize spole\u010dnosti Oerlikon)<\/td>Inconel 718, Ren\u00e9 41, Haynes 230<\/td>$75 – $180<\/td>USA, Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.oerlikon.com\/metco<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00f6gan\u00e4s AB<\/td>Inconel 625, Monel 400, Invar 36<\/td>$60 – $150<\/td>\u0160v\u00e9dsko, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>www.hoganas.com<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody Kovov\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ze slitin niklu<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd materi\u00e1l m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody. Jejich pochopen\u00ed v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee u\u010dinit informovan\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed pro va\u0161e konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed aplikace. Zde je srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod kovov\u00fdch pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f ze slitin niklu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdhody<\/strong><\/th>Nev\u00fdhody<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Odolnost v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m: Vhodn\u00e9 pro prost\u0159ed\u00ed s vysok\u00fdmi teplotami<\/td>Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady: Slitiny niklu jsou obecn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.<\/td><\/tr>
Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi: Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro drsn\u00e9 korozivn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/td>Obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b se obr\u00e1b\u00ed: V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi kovy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na opracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr>
Vysok\u00e1 pevnost a odolnost: Poskytuje dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdkon<\/td>Omezen\u00e1 dostupnost: N\u011bkter\u00e9 slitiny mohou b\u00fdt h\u016f\u0159e dostupn\u00e9.<\/td><\/tr>
V\u0161estrann\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed: Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/td>Vy\u017eaduje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zach\u00e1zen\u00ed: P\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou nutn\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
Dobr\u00e1 sva\u0159itelnost: Lze snadno sva\u0159ovat pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace<\/td>Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed rizika: Expozice niklu m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit alergick\u00e9 reakce.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n
\n
\"Kovov\u00fd<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Podrobn\u00fd pohled na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed modely niklov\u00fdch slitin<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Inconel 625<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Inconel 625 je slitina niklu, chromu a molybdenu zn\u00e1m\u00e1 svou vysokou pevnost\u00ed a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost\u00ed proti korozi. Tato slitina se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v leteck\u00e9m, lodn\u00edm a chemick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Jej\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje odol\u00e1vat extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m a drsn\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vlastnosti:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Vysok\u00e1 pevnost v tahu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed sva\u0159itelnost<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti \u00fanav\u011b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti oxidaci<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Aplikace:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Lopatky turb\u00edny<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • V\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • V\u00fdfukov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro chemick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Inconel 718<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Inconel 718 je dal\u0161\u00ed obl\u00edben\u00e1 slitina niklu a chromu s p\u0159\u00eddavkem niobu, kter\u00fd zvy\u0161uje jej\u00ed pevnost a odolnost proti te\u010den\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro vysoce nam\u00e1han\u00e9 aplikace, zejm\u00e9na v leteck\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vlastnosti:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n