Bestes Inconel 718-Pulver für den 3D-Druck

Overview of Inconel 718 Powder

Inconel 718 is a precipitation hardenable nickel-based superalloy powder widely used for additive manufacturing across aerospace, oil & gas, power generation and automotive industries. This article provides a detailed guide to Inconel 718 powder.

Key aspects covered include composition, properties, AM print parameters, applications, specifications, suppliers, handling, inspection methods, comparisons to alternatives, pros and cons, and FAQs. Tables are used to present information in an easy-to-reference format.

Composition of Inconel 718 Powder

The composition of Inconel 718 is:

Element	Gew.-%	Zweck
Nickel	50 – 55	Element der Hauptmatrix
Chrom	17 – 21	Oxidationsbeständigkeit
Eisen	Balanse	Mischkristallverfestiger
Niob	4.75 – 5.5	Ausscheidungshärtung
Molybdän	2.8 – 3.3	Stärkung der festen Lösung
Titan	0.65 – 1.15	Hartmetall-Former
Aluminium	0.2 – 0.8	Ausscheidungshärtung
Kohlenstoff	0,08 max	Hartmetall-Former

Trace amounts of cobalt, boron, copper and magnesium are also added to enhance properties.

Properties of Inconel 718 Powder

Key properties of Inconel 718 include:

Immobilie	Beschreibung
hohe Festigkeit	Tensile strength 1050 – 1350 MPa
Phase stability	Retains strength after prolonged use up to 700¡«C
Korrosionsbeständigkeit	Resistant to aqueous corrosion and oxidation
Schweißbarkeit	Readily weldable with matching filler
Verarbeitbarkeit	Easy to form and machine
Creep resistance	High stress rupture strength at high temperatures

The properties make Inconel 718 suitable for the most demanding applications.

AM Print Parameters for Inconel 718 Powder

Typical parameters for printing Inconel 718 powder include:

Parameter	Typischer Wert	Zweck
Höhe der Schicht	20 – 50 Ã×m	Gleichgewicht zwischen Geschwindigkeit und Auflösung
Laserleistung	195 – 350 W	Ausreichendes Schmelzen ohne Verdunstung
Scan-Geschwindigkeit	700 – 1300 mm/s	Dichte versus Baurate
Abstand zwischen den Luken	80 – 160 Ã×m	Mechanische Eigenschaften
Unterstützungsstruktur	Minimal	Einfache Entfernung
Heißisostatisches Pressen	1120¡«C, 100 MPa, 3h	Innere Hohlräume beseitigen

The parameters depend on factors like build geometry, temperature management and post-processing needs.

Applications of 3D Printed Inconel 718 Parts

Inconel 718 parts made by AM are used in:

Industrie	Komponenten
Luft- und Raumfahrt	Turbine blades, disks, hot section parts
Oil & gas	Downhole tools, valves, pumps
Energieerzeugung	Combustion cans, transition ducts
Automotive	Turbocharger wheels, exhaust valves
Medizinisch	Orthopädische Implantate, chirurgische Werkzeuge

Benefits over wrought parts include complex geometries and reduced buy-to-fly ratios.

Specifications of Inconel 718 Powder for AM

Inconel 718 powder must meet the following specifications for 3D printing:

Parameter	Spezifikation
Partikelgrößenbereich	10 – 45 Ã×m
Partikelform	Sphärische Morphologie
Anscheindichte	> 4 g/cc
Schüttdichte	> 6 g/cc
Hallenflussmenge	> 23 Sekunden für 50 g
Reinheit	>99,9%
Sauerstoffgehalt	<100 ppm

Kundenspezifische Größenverteilungen und kontrollierte Zusammensetzung möglich.

Suppliers of Inconel 718 Powder

Prominent Inconel 718 powder suppliers include:

Anbieter	Ort
Praxair	Vereinigte Staaten
Carpenter Powder Products	Vereinigte Staaten
Sandvik Osprey	Großbritannien
LPW Technologie	Großbritannien
Erasteel	Frankreich
AP&C	Kanada

Prices range from $50/kg to $150/kg, influenced by quality and order quantity.

Handling and Storage of Inconel 718 Powder

As a reactive material, Inconel 718 powder requires controlled handling:

• Store sealed containers in a cool, dry inert atmosphere
• Prevent exposure to moisture, air, temperature extremes
• Use properly grounded equipment during transfer
• Avoid dust accumulation and ignition sources
• Lokale Entlüftung empfohlen
• Befolgen Sie die geltenden Sicherheitsrichtlinien

Correct storage/handling prevents composition changes or hazards.

Inspection and Testing of Inconel 718 Powder

Inconel 718 powder batches are validated using:

Methode	Geprüfte Parameter
Siebanalyse	Korngrößenverteilung
SEM-Bildgebung	Morphologie der Partikel
EDX	Chemie und Zusammensetzung
XRD	Vorhandene Phasen
Pyknometrie	Dichte
Hallenflussmenge	Rieselfähigkeit von Puder

Testing per ASTM standards ensures batch-to-batch quality consistency.

Comparing Inconel 718 to Alternative Superalloy Powders

Inconel 718 compares with other alloys as:

Legierung	Kosten	Druckbarkeit	Schweißbarkeit	Stärke
Inconel 718	Niedrig	Gut	Ausgezeichnet	Mittel
Inconel 625	Mittel	Ausgezeichnet	Ausgezeichnet	Niedrig
Inconel 939	Sehr hoch	Mäßig	Begrenzt	Ausgezeichnet
Haynes 282	High	Gut	Begrenzt	Ausgezeichnet

For balanced properties at lower cost, Inconel 718 supersedes other Ni superalloys for many applications.

Pros and Cons of Inconel 718 Powder for AM

Vorteile	Nachteile
Proven material credentials in AM	Lower high temperature strength than some alloys
Excellent weldability and machinability	Susceptible to solidification cracking during printing
Readily printed into complex shapes	Requires controlled atmosphere handling
Cost advantage over exotic superalloys	Significant post-processing often required
Available from range of suppliers	Relatively low hardness after printing

Inconel 718 enables high performance AM at a reasonable cost.

Frequently Asked Questions about Inconel 718 Powder

Q: What particle size range works best for printing Inconel 718 alloy?

A: A range of 15-45 microns provides the optimum combination of flowability, high resolution, and high density parts.

Q: What post processing is typically required for Inconel 718 AM parts?

A: Hot isostatic pressing, heat treatment, and machining are commonly needed to eliminate voids, optimize properties, and achieve tolerances.

Q: Is Inconel 718 easier to 3D print than other Ni superalloys?

A: Yes, its excellent weldability and lower cracking susceptibility make Inconel 718 one of the easier Ni-based superalloys to process by AM.

Q: What industries use Inconel 718 alloy for metal 3D printing?

A: Aerospace, oil & gas, power generation, automotive, and medical sectors are major applications benefiting from additively manufactured Inconel 718.

Q: Does Inconel 718 require supports when 3D printing?

A: Minimal supports are recommended on overhangs and bridged sections to prevent deformation and allow easy removal after printing.

Q: What defects can occur when printing Inconel 718 powder?

A: Mögliche Fehler sind Rissbildung, Porosität, Verformung, unvollständige Verschmelzung und Oberflächenrauheit. Die meisten können mit optimierten Parametern verhindert werden.

Q: What hardness can be expected with Inconel 718 AM components?

A: Hardness after printing is typically 30-35 HRC. Post-processes like aging can increase it to 40-50 HRC for higher wear resistance.

Q: What accuracy can be obtained with Inconel 718 printed parts?

A: Comparable dimensional tolerances and surface finishes to CNC machined components can be achieved after post-processing.

Q: Is hot isostatic pressing mandatory for Inconel 718 3D printed parts?

A: HIP eliminates internal voids and improves fatigue life. It may not be required for non-critical applications.

Q: What alloy powder has properties closest to Inconel 718 for AM?

A: Inconel 625 has comparable corrosion resistance and weldability to 718 but lower strength. Inconel 939 trades weldability for higher strength.