17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder
Overview of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder 17-4PH is a precipitation hardening stainless steel powder widely used in additive manufacturing across aerospace, medical, automotive, and general engineering sectors. It offers an excellent combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance, and weldability. This article provides a detailed guide to 17-4PH powder covering composition, properties, AM process parameters, applications, specifications, suppliers, handling, inspection, comparisons, pros and cons, and FAQs. Key information is presented in easy-to-reference tables. Composition of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder The composition of 17-4PH powder is: Element Weight % Purpose Iron Balance Principal matrix element Chromium 15 – 17.5 Oxidation resistance Copper 3 – 5 Precipitation hardening Nickel 3 – 5…
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Overview of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder
17-4PH is a precipitation hardening stainless steel powder widely used in additive manufacturing across aerospace, medical, automotive, and general engineering sectors. It offers an excellent combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance, and weldability.
This article provides a detailed guide to 17-4PH powder covering composition, properties, AM process parameters, applications, specifications, suppliers, handling, inspection, comparisons, pros and cons, and FAQs. Key information is presented in easy-to-reference tables.
Composition of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder
The composition of 17-4PH powder is:
| エレメント | 質量 % | 目的 |
|---|---|---|
| 鉄 | バランス | 主行列要素 |
| クロム | 15 – 17.5 | 抗酸化性 |
| 銅 | 3 – 5 | 析出硬化 |
| ニッケル | 3 – 5 | Austenite stabilizer |
| ニオブ | 0.15 – 0.45 | カーバイドフォーマー |
| マンガン | 最大1 | 脱酸素剤 |
| シリコン | 最大1 | 脱酸素剤 |
| 炭素 | 0.07 max | Strengthener and carbide former |
Copper enables precipitation hardening while chromium provides corrosion resistance.
Properties of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder
Key properties of 17-4PH powder include:
| プロパティ | 説明 |
|---|---|
| 強力 | Up to 1310 MPa tensile strength when aged |
| 硬度 | Up to 40 HRC in aged condition |
| 耐蝕性 | Comparable to 316L stainless in many environments |
| タフネス | Superior to martensitic stainless steels |
| 耐摩耗性 | Better than 300 series stainless steels |
| 高温安定性 | Strength maintained up to 300¡«C |
The properties make 17-4PH suitable for diverse applications from aerospace components to injection molds.
AM Process Parameters for 17-4PH Powder
Typical parameters for printing 17-4PH powder include:
| パラメータ | 代表値 | 目的 |
|---|---|---|
| レイヤーの高さ | 20-100 Ã×m | Balance speed and resolution |
| レーザー出力 | 150-400 W | 蒸発することなく十分に溶ける |
| スキャン速度 | 400-1000 mm/s | 密度と生産率 |
| ハッチの間隔 | 100-200 Ã×m | Density and mechanical properties |
| Support structure | 最小限 | Easy removal |
| 熱間静水圧プレス | 1120¡«C, 100 MPa, 3 hrs | 空隙をなくす |
Parameters tailored for density, production rate, properties and post-processing needs.
Applications of 3D Printed 17-4PH Parts
Additively manufactured 17-4PH components are used in:
| 産業 | アプリケーション |
|---|---|
| 航空宇宙 | Structural brackets, fixtures, actuators |
| 医療 | Dental implants, surgical instruments |
| 自動車の | High strength fasteners, gears |
| Consumer products | Watch cases, sporting equipment |
| 産業 | End-use metal tooling, jigs, fixtures |
Benefits over machined 17-4PH parts include complex geometries, reduced lead time and machining allowances.
Specifications of 17-4PH Powder for AM
17-4PH powder must meet strict specifications:
| パラメータ | 仕様 |
|---|---|
| 粒度範囲 | 15-45 Ã×m 標準 |
| パーティクル形状 | 球状の形態 |
| 見掛け比重 | > 4 g/cc |
| 打タップ密度 | > 6 g/cc |
| ホール流動率 | > 23 sec for 50 g |
| 純粋さ | >99.9% |
| 酸素含量 | <100 ppm |
Custom size distributions and controlled moisture levels available.
Suppliers of 17-4PH Stainless Steel Powder
Reputable 17-4PH powder suppliers include:
| サプライヤー | 場所 |
|---|---|
| サンドビック オスプレイ | 英国 |
| カーペンター アディティブ | アメリカ |
| LPW テクノロジー | 英国 |
| エラスチール | スウェーデン |
| Critical Materials | アメリカ |
| プラクスエアー | アメリカ |
Prices range from $50/kg to $120/kg based on purity, size distribution and order volumes.
Handling and Storage of 17-4PH Powder
As a reactive material, careful 17-4PH powder handling is essential:
- Store sealed containers away from moisture, acids, ignition sources
- Use inert gas padding during transfer and storage
- Ground equipment to dissipate static charges
- Avoid dust accumulation through extraction and ventilation
- Follow applicable safety guidelines
Proper techniques ensure optimal powder condition.
Inspection and Testing of 17-4PH Powder
Quality testing methods include:
| 方法 | テストされたパラメーター |
|---|---|
| ふるい分け分析 | 粒度分布 |
| SEMイメージング | 粒子形態 |
| イーディーエックス | Chemistry and composition |
| XRD | 現在のフェーズ |
| ピクノメトリー | 密度 |
| ホール流動率 | 粉体の流動性 |
Testing per ASTM standards verifies powder quality and batch consistency.
Comparing 17-4PH to Alternative Alloy Powders
17-4PH compares to other alloys as:
| 合金 | 強さ | 耐蝕性 | 利用料 | 印刷適性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17-4PH | 素晴らしい | 調子が良い | ミディアム | 調子が良い |
| 316L | ミディアム | 素晴らしい | ミディアム | 素晴らしい |
| IN718 | 非常に高い | 調子が良い | ハイ | 公正 |
| CoCrMo | ミディアム | 公正 | ミディアム | 調子が良い |
With its balanced properties, 17-4PH supersedes alternatives for many high-strength AM applications requiring corrosion resistance.
Pros and Cons of 17-4PH Powder for AM
| 長所 | 欠点 |
|---|---|
| 高い強度重量比 | Lower oxidation resistance than austenitic stainless steels |
| Good combination of strength and corrosion resistance | Required post-processing like HIP and heat treatment |
| Lower cost than exotic alloys | Controlled atmosphere storage needed |
| Established credentials in AM | 溶接や機械加工が難しい |
| Properties match wrought material | Susceptible to pitting and crevice corrosion |
17-4PH enables high-performance printed parts across applications, though not suited for extreme environments.
Frequently Asked Questions about 17-4PH Powder
Q: What particle size range works best for printing 17-4PH alloy?
A: A typical range is 15-45 microns. It provides optimal powder flowability combined with high resolution and dense parts.
Q: What post-processing methods are used on 17-4PH AM parts?
A: Hot isostatic pressing, solution annealing, aging, and machining are typically used to achieve full densification, relieve stresses, and improve surface finish.
Q: Which metal 3D printing process is ideal for 17-4PH alloy?
A: Selective laser melting (SLM), direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and electron beam melting (EBM) can all effectively process 17-4PH powder.
Q: What industries use additively manufactured 17-4PH components?
A: Aerospace, medical, automotive, consumer products, industrial tooling, and oil and gas industries benefit from 3D printed 17-4PH parts.
Q: Does 17-4PH require support structures during printing?
A: Yes, minimal supports are needed on overhangs and bridged sections to prevent deformation and allow easy removal after printing.
Q: What defects can occur when printing 17-4PH powder?
A: Potential defects are cracking, porosity, distortion, incomplete fusion, and surface roughness. Most can be prevented with optimized parameters.
Q: What hardness is achievable with 17-4PH AM parts?
A: Solution-annealed 17-4PH has 25-30 HRC hardness while aging increases it to 35-40 HRC for enhanced wear resistance.
Q: What accuracy and surface finish is possible for 17-4PH printed parts?
A: Post-processed 17-4PH parts can achieve dimensional tolerances and surface finish comparable to CNC machined components.
Q: What is the key difference between 17-4 and 17-4PH grades?
A: 17-4PH has tighter chemistry control, lower impurities, and reduced sulfur for better ductility and impact properties compared to basic 17-4 grade.
Q: Is HIP required for all 17-4PH AM application?
A: While recommended, HIP may not be mandatory for non-critical applications. Heat treatment alone may suffice in some cases.
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